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Hurricane Milton rapidly intensified into a Category 5 storm, which left Florida grappling with catastrophic damage. Millions of residents are without power, and several cities are dealing with severe flooding as the storm continues to affect the state’s infrastructure. Despite weakening as it moved inland, Milton’s widespread impact will be felt for weeks. The storm initially landed as a Category 3 hurricane near Siesta Key, bringing 120 mph winds, heavy rain, and severe flooding. As the storm moved inland, it weakened to a Category 1, but its impact is still felt across the state. The storm hit less than two weeks after Hurricane Helene, marking the first time in over a century that the region has faced back-to-back hurricanes, underlining the severity of the situation.
Unprecedented Intensification Over Warm Waters
Milton’s rapid intensification over the warm Gulf of Mexico is one of the key factors behind its catastrophic strength. Within 48 hours, the storm grew from a tropical storm to a Category 5 hurricane, packing winds of 175 mph. This rapid intensification occurred due to an abnormally warm sea surface, with temperatures exceeding 82°F (27.8°C)—much higher than the seasonal average. Meteorologists warned of the risks posed by such conditions, as warm waters provide the fuel hurricanes need to intensify.
Another contributing factor was the low vertical wind shear, which allowed Milton to organise vertically and intensify without disruption. As a small, compact storm, it was initially more vulnerable to rapid changes in strength and size. However, as it grew, it became even more dangerous, expanding its wind field and affecting a larger area. Milton was a massive threat to the Gulf Coast, particularly in its final hours before landfall. Patrick Duran, an expert with NASA’s SPoRT team, explained that Milton’s relatively small size early on made it more susceptible to rapid strengthening. But as the storm grew, so did its destructive potential
Power Outages and Devastating Floods
When Hurricane Milton made landfall near Siesta Key, Florida, it brought winds of 120 mph and torrential rains, leaving over 3 million customers without power. The scale of the outages has crippled major urban areas, with Sarasota, Tampa, and Saint Petersburg among the hardest-hit regions. Emergency response teams are working around the clock to restore power, but the sheer scale of the damage means recovery will take time. The power grid remains under severe strain, and utility providers have warned that some areas may be without electricity for several days.
Southern Pinellas, coastal Hillsborough, and western Manatee counties saw between 10 and 17 inches of rain. St. Petersburg recorded over five inches and 90 mph wind gusts within an hour. Tampa and St. Petersburg experienced severe flooding, with parts of downtown inundated by up to 17 inches of rain. Tampa broke its century-old monthly rainfall record in just one day, receiving over 11 inches. Waist-deep water was reported in both cities due to the extensive rainfall-driven flooding. Streets have turned into rivers, and emergency services are struggling to reach the most affected neighbourhoods. In many areas, the water levels have already reached life-threatening heights, making rescue operations even more difficult.
Reverse Storm Surge and Tornado Outbreaks
As Milton moved through Florida, it produced a rare phenomenon known as a “reverse storm surge” in Tampa Bay. Instead of pushing water onto the shore, the storm’s counterclockwise winds pulled water away from the coastline, temporarily draining parts of Tampa Bay. However, experts have warned residents to stay away from the exposed areas, as water could return rapidly, posing severe risks.
Adding to the chaos, Milton has also spawned several tornadoes across central Florida, further exacerbating the damage. In Martin County, numerous homes were damaged, and several residents sustained injuries. Emergency services are working tirelessly to assess the full scale of the damage, but with ongoing storm activity, many regions remain inaccessible. These tornadoes, high winds, and flooding have left a trail of destruction in their wake, overwhelming local response teams.
Statewide Emergency Response and Recovery Efforts
Florida’s emergency management teams have ramped up their efforts in response to the widespread damage. Governor Ron DeSantis has activated the National Guard and called on federal assistance to provide additional resources for recovery efforts. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) coordinates with local agencies to deliver essential supplies, set up shelters, and provide medical care to affected residents. These supplies include food, water, and medical supplies. FEMA also assists in setting up temporary housing for those who have lost their homes. NASA’s Disasters Response Coordination System has also been activated, providing satellite data and real-time tracking to help guide relief efforts. This data is crucial for identifying the most affected areas and planning the distribution of resources.
Despite these preparations, the road to recovery will be long and challenging. Many residents in evacuation zones have yet to return home, as officials warn of ongoing hazards from downed power lines, contaminated water, and unstable infrastructure. Utility companies prioritise restoring power to hospitals, shelters, and other critical facilities, but it could take weeks for some areas to recover from Milton’s impact fully. Florida’s communities, united in the face of adversity, are bracing for the aftermath, with volunteers and emergency personnel continuing to work around the clock to provide aid.
As Hurricane Milton moves away from Florida, the state faces a long and challenging recovery. From the unprecedented storm surge to the widespread power outages, the storm has left an indelible mark on the state, reminding residents of nature’s destructive power. However, amidst this devastation, the resilience of Florida’s residents shines through, inspiring hope for the future. While the storm has weakened, its long-term impacts will be felt for months as Florida rebuilds and recovers.
References:
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crl8e084r9yo
https://www.unilad.com/news/us-news/hurricane-milton-live-updates-588357-20241010
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/153429/fuel-for-hurricane-milton
https://weather.ndc.nasa.gov/sport
https://appliedsciences.nasa.gov/what-we-do/disasters/disasters-activations/hurricane-milton-2024
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[…] such as low wind shear and high sea surface temperatures. Milton’s explosive growth was driven by hot waters in the Gulf of Mexico, a condition increasingly linked to climate […]